Photovoltaic screen printing is a key process in the production of photovoltaic cells. It precisely coats conductive pastes (such as silver paste and aluminum paste) on the surface of silicon wafers through screen printing plates to form electrode and back field structures, which provide a path for current transmission after photoelectric conversion and directly affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency and reliability of photovoltaic cells.

This process mainly includes three core steps: front grid line printing, back electrode printing and back field printing. Relying on the selective penetration characteristics of the mesh of the screen, and with the precise control of scraper pressure and printing speed, it achieves uniform coating of paste and pattern formation. Its core requirements are high positioning accuracy, fine grid line width and good paste adhesion, so as to adapt to the requirements of fine grid and aspect ratio optimization of high-efficiency photovoltaic cells.

Photovoltaic screen printing has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, stable process and adaptability to large-scale production, and is widely used in the manufacturing of various photovoltaic cells such as P-type and N-type. Advanced printing equipment and process optimization (such as paste formula upgrading and screen precision improvement) are important supports for promoting the breakthrough of photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells and helping the photovoltaic industry reduce costs and improve efficiency.